You can change your cookie settings at any time. The River Mole arises in Sussex and enters Surrey at Gatwick airport. [33], The marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus, a non-native species introduced from Europe in the 1930s) is now commonly found in the upper Mole and its tributaries around Newdigate and Gatwick. [65] Remains of a further gravel terrace, containing cherts and flints to a depth of 4m (13ft), line the east side of St George's Hill. The most recent mill was demolished in 1959, although the mill house still stands. In the 12th century it was written Haverichesham suggesting Haeferick's hamlet or river bend settlement. [14] The course of the Mole within the airport perimeter has been altered several times since commercial flights began in 1945; however the meanders visible on the 1839 tithe map in the 1.5km (0.93mi) stretch immediately north of the runway were reinstated in 1999, in a 1.2 million project to facilitate airport expansion. These date mostly from the mesolithic period. [92] The first bridge on this site was probably constructed during the late Middle Ages and was rebuilt and enlarged by the county surveyor, George Gwilt in 178283. [25] Finally the Mole splits into two branches at the Island Barn Reservoir near Molesey: the northern (and smaller) branch continues as the River Mole and the southern branch is known as the River Ember. Wed also like to use analytics cookies so we can understand how you use the service and make improvements. ?Pp9sJA_s^quN9&tx\R8Mx5s_u`:{,;.$0c )]}6>w~ByK_~_ Vj>&5HSQvPu|w_?~M6 /q$|;3Lq8SqN)?=LHI}sAZ]uesS6z3E i!+=yj}1z%H#4H:M[Wj\#\gDG/`ujzpa:yO(K+:3`~~j?u{?-@%qExtKste_/EX:n[xv[?8w{~fo?2,W`)_(rF z~~6VGS8_];qssWSn_n*,o lDu>>X\$=vlP[~gCLp? The Anglo-Saxons may well have been the first permanent settlers here; they gave the name to the place and no older remains of actual dwellings in areas not mentioned above have been found. [135], East Molesey Upper Mill was associated with the manor of Molesey Matham. [6], The river has captured the imagination of several authors and poets,[7] particularly since in very hot summers the river channel can become dry between Dorking and Leatherhead, most recently in 2022. The author Daniel Defoe, who attended school in Dorking and probably grew up in the village of Westhumble,[56][57] described the swallow holes in the River Mole in his book A tour thro' the Whole Island of Great Britain (first published in 1724): the current of the river being much obstructed by the interposition of those hills, called Box Hill it forces the waters as it were to find their way through as well as they can; and in order to do this, beginning, I say, where the river comes close to the foot of the precipice of Box-Hill, called the Stomacher, the waters sink insensibly away, and in some places are to be seen (and I have seen them) little channels which go out on the sides of the river, where the water in a stream not so big as would fill a pipe of a quarter of an inch diameter, trills away out of the river, and sinks insensibly into the ground. [26] (For the purposes of the remainder of this article, the River Mole and the River Ember are treated as a single entity. Own label and private label building products. The band's biggest hit was Hersham Boys. [86], The river crossing at Sidlow Bridge was heavily defended and a line of pill boxes was constructed on the north bank of the river. [22] The aquifer at Fetcham is the only one in the entire catchment area. Sham 69 took their name from the remnants of a piece of graffiti in the area which made reference to when Walton and Hersham Football Club secured the Athenian League title in 1969. During the Second World War several sites along the course of the Mole were fortified for the defence of London against invasion from the south. Something went wrong, please try again later. [23][24][note 5], From Painshill Park the river flows northeastwards to the Thames, passing to the west of Esher Commons and then forming the boundary between Hersham and Esher, where the mean flow of the river is 5.43m3/s (192cuft/s). The Mole crosses the North Downs between Dorking and Leatherhead, where it cuts a steep-sided valley, known as the Mole Gap, through the chalk. [30], Highly polluting discharges have become less common but have taken place since 2000. A similar trench is runs up several of the Mole's tributaries, notably along Deanoak Brook which follows a local strike. The first, in 1663, was passed by the House of Commons but was defeated in the House of Lords. [53] A few much larger swallow holes were also observed separated from the main river by a channel[clarification needed] of about a metre. Youve accepted analytics cookies. Within Hersham is the mixed, secondary Three Rivers Academy. [21], At Leatherhead, the Mole leaves the chalk and turns northwestwards to flow across impermeable London Clay, winding towards Cobham. Mole (Horley to Hersham) takes in water from an area around 151.017 km2 in size and is part of the Mole Lower and Rythe catchment area. [72] The Lower Mole appears to have been settled during the same period and a flint axe dating from Mesolithic period found on spit of land close to River Mole in Cobham in 1965. Grade II listed. 0.7km (0.4mi) south of Sidlow the mean flow is measured as 2.21m3/s (78cuft/s) at Kinnersley Manor gauging station (48m[157ft] above OD). Turn left, signposted Hersham and follow this almost to the gates of a caravan site. Hersham began as a strip of woodland beside the River Mole. [note 3]. Tributary of the River Thames in southern England, This article is about the river in south east England. Always check you can fish lawfully before starting. A severe flood warning means there's a danger to life. There are three listed bridges in Leatherhead of which the 14 arch Leatherhead Town Bridge is the oldest. The final mill on the site was demolished in 1790, however remains of the mill leat are still visible. Four technology/trading estates exist in Hersham: A major nearby conjoined set of trading estates spans the Weybridge/Byfleet border at Brooklands and Heathrow Airport also has a range of employers, though this is across Walton-on-Thames itself and the borough of Spelthorne. Very little angling is available in this area as the local lakes are closed to fishing and the River Mole is controlled by the local authority who do not permit fishing on their land. The Stepping Stones A part suspended steel and timber deck bridge, spanning 42 metres (138ft). yes that is it olly had a walk round the pond as well did find some intense feeding going on in one corner very few fishing it in fact the third person . A flood warning means flooding to some property is expected. Original wooden Victorian bridge replaced by a stone parapet bridge in 1907 and the present concrete bridge dates from 1965. [1][3] Twelve Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) that include wetland habitats are located within the Mole catchment area, and the stretch of river through Leatherhead has been designated a Local Nature Reserve. Post Reply . Their first men's team is notable in the region and saw 2012-14 among the upper 50% of clubs in RFU National League 1 (the third level of the sport in England), having been relegated in the previous season. [1] The river gives its name to the Surrey district of Mole Valley. The North Downs Way crosses the river at Box Hill via seventeen hexagonal stepping stones, which are frequently submerged after heavy rainfall. Cp-o{ kh/smY$Q$ ;^/%wh xHeZ?!Lku'Foki7# Dc|zNgnQ/I|G7#-[;Xeet?wi0v\v^S}"5K%zx MO9z5N.w?m?yuWFG (mVg! The sudden change from impermeable Weald Clay to permeable chalk and the increased gradient[note 4] of the river, allow the water table to drop below the bed of the river. In World War II, in a daring daylight raid on 4th September 1940, German bombers successfully attacked the important Vickers aircraft factory at Brooklands killing nearly 90 people. [12] The Mole passes Horley to the west, flowing north towards Sidlow and entering a largely rural area. Similarly congregationalists had a Round Chapel which existed from 1844 until 1961, the year in which the single dual carriageway in Hersham was created, and enabling its construction.[5]. [17] The mean flow measured at Horley gauging station (52m[171ft] above OD) is 1.40m3/s (49cuft/s). A mean flow of 3.74m3/s (132cuft/s) is measured at a fourth gauging station, located at Castle Mill (39m[128ft] above OD). There's also a correlation between the . GHQ Line B ran along the North Downs from Farnham and Guildford, crossing the Mole Gap to the north of Dorking and following the river to Horley. Between Dorking and Leatherhead the Mole cuts a steep-sided valley (the Mole Gap) though the North Downs, carving a 170-metre-high (560ft) river cliff on the western flank of Box Hill and a smaller 50-metre (160ft) cliff at Ham Bank in Norbury Park. [85] The river may be paddled all year by canoe between Brockham and Fetcham with an appropriate licence from the British Canoe Union. However, during the early 1930s, when Hampton Court Way and the bridge were built, the River Mole was redirected to flow into the River Ember and both rivers now enter the Thames in a single widened and straightened channel once occupied only by the River Ember. Mole (Horley to Hersham) is a river in Surrey. At Boxhill Farm, where access to the river from the north bank was required for the herd of dairy cows, a row of twelve concrete cylinders were cast as an anti-tank measure. [6], The stretch of river between Thorncroft Manor (1km[0.6mi] south of Leatherhead) and River Lane in Fetcham has been designated a Local Nature Reserve. The canoe is preserved at the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford. [1], The geographical distribution of many species of invertebrate in the river reflects the geology of the catchment area. Opened as part of the A3 Esher Bypass in December 1976. This article is about the village in Surrey. Below Leatherhead the river has historically supported larger predatory fish including chub, perch, pike, and eels, however in recent years chub and eel numbers have begun to decline. Mole (Horley to Hersham) is 60.133 km long and is not designated artificial or heavily modified. [8][51][52] At Leatherhead, the river leaves the chalk and flows across impermeable London Clay. You can change your cookie settings at any time. Fast trains stopping at Walton-on-Thames reach London Waterloo within 30 minutes. In the nucleus of the village is Hersham Green, 3.4 acres (1.4ha) of open space on which regular events take place throughout the year. Just over a mile long and several feet wide, the Bird Island Pier takes you out onto the Niagara River. It then flows into the River Thames at Hampton Court. [80], During the 17th century, two bills came before parliament to make sections of the river navigable. That this could have been constructed at all indicates a fairly large population in the district, a chieftain of some sort, organised labour and a desperate perhaps recurring danger. Hersham is in the borough of Elmbridge, in northwest Surrey and has no particular sub-localities except for Burwood Park, which alongside certain other addresses in the village is, when published for any purposes, due to its proximity to Walton-on-Thames railway station, done so under the name of Hersham's post town only, Walton on Thames. Cobham Mill, downstream of Leatherhead, consisted of two mills used for grinding corn. The remaining red brick mill dates from the 1822 and was in use until 1928. Somewhere around 200 B.C. A multi-span composite deck supported on steelwork tresses with a total span of 48m (157ft) and a main span of 22m (72ft) over the river itself. This site, like many others, uses small files called cookies to help us improve and customize your experience. Rebuttals included that the Mole is a "charming Surrey steam" and "If Lord Lytton went to fish in the River Mole and there are still angling clubs there he would find that he would still be able to catch a trout". This area of the County has a wealth of natural, recreational and scenic . [36], The Mole catchment area includes twelve Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) that include wetland habitats,[6] The Mole Gap forms part of a Special Area of Conservation and is an SSSI of European importance. It is home to Sandown Park Racecourse. In response to heavy flooding of East Molesey and Thames Ditton in September 1968, the river was modified downstream of Albany Bridge to the Thames and new flood defences were constructed. The proportion of households in the settlement who owned their home outright compares to the regional average of 35.1%. [76], Significant Bronze Age finds include a bronze sword found close to the river north of Amberley Farm near Charlwood[77] and a small hoard of weaponry consisting of two palstave axes and a scabbard chape was discovered in 2003 in Norbury Park close to Ham Bank. [66][67] Variations in the name are recorded throughout the Middle Ages and the river appears as Amele in the Domesday Book of 1086, and subsequently as Emele in 12th- and 13th-century Court Rolls. [2], Between Cobham and Esher, the Mole's historic courses have deposited gravel on top of the London Clay. [74], The Mole Gap and North Downs do not appear to have been settled until the late Stone Age: A large axe, typical of a "rough-out" axe produced during the Neolithic period, which was discovered in 1952 during building work in Westhumble,[75] A flint mine of the same period has been discovered at East Horsley along with Neolithic flakes of flint at Fetcham and Headley Heath. The 1st XV play in a black-amber strip. We'll update this page when there's a flood alert in the area, which means flooding to low lying land is possible. Hersham is a charming little station in Surrey, with views over fields, the River Mole and a local golf course. The River Mole originally flowed into the River Thames at the point where the present Hampton Court bridge now crosses the Thames (approximately 500 m upstream of the present confluence, on the reach above Teddington Lock). 26); This page was last edited on 20 January 2023, at 21:55. [1] Investment in the Sewage Treatment Works in the catchment area has improved the quality of the discharges into the river,[1] and modifications to the runway and apron drainage systems at Gatwick Airport mean that surface water is diverted to aerated pollution control lagoons and balancing ponds for treatments, including acid/alkali neutralisation, before release into the river. It was occupied by pre-historic folk whose flint instruments have been found in large numbers beside the River on Southwood Manor Farm[n 2]. The culvert was constructed in 1957. xmqV$@$"HQmJy'T\bU`l)qJYk[{BR&5~xr><97o?oyo?iQ/Og~wo;>OaO=_|o|o?|M~.toI%8mx?u?oV^0 zqO~~6s?;SS|sW\}N2omlc]GCxvWPwN`Tim'Ba~Vr:? [81], In 1798 William Marshall advocated the canalisation of a short stretch of the River Mole between Betchworth and Dorking to facilitate the movement of chalk from quarry to market. [44], Molesey Heath Local Nature Reserve lies on the west bank of the Mole, west of the Island Barn Reservoir. [13] 1200 students. [31] The Environment Agency estimated that up to 5200 fish of 14 different species were killed as the pollution drained downstream. The beautiful demoiselle (Calopteryx virgo) disappeared from the River Mole during the 1960s owing to deteriorating water quality, but has since recolonised. [136], East Molesey Lower Mill, also known as Sterte Mill, was associated with the manor of Molesey Prior. Plant species typical of ancient woodland are found in this area, including bluebells (Hyacinthoides non-scriptus), marsh marigolds (Caltha palustris) and golden saxifrages (Chrysosplenium sp.). [53][54] About six of these larger swallow holes were found to the west of the Burford Bridge Hotel, along the course of the A24 Mickleham Bypass during its construction in 1936. Riverwalk: Tonawanda Parks. Youve accepted analytics cookies. [131] It was a corn mill, built in the early 19th century, and has been converted into a bed and breakfast hotel. [43], The West End Common forms part of the Esher Commons, owned and managed by Elmbridge Borough Council. A website by Gorge Services Ltd. All rights reserved. [61], At Leatherhead the river leaves the chalk bedrock, moving onto London Clay. Early in World War II, Barnes Wallis and several hundred staff were evacuated to Burhill Golf Club from the nearby Vickers-Armstrongs aircraft factory at Brooklands and designed the legendary Dambusters 'bouncing bomb' there. Two golf courses are within its bounds, Burhill Golf Club and Hersham Village Golf Club; considerable other land is wooded, used for mixed farming or Esher Rugby Club,[n 1] much of which is Metropolitan Green Belt.

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