[284] 79.8% of India's population is Hindu, accounting for about 90% of Hindus worldwide. Atheism and agnosticism are not typically considered religions, but data about the prevalence of. [483][466][484][485], Johnson and Barrett (2004) estimate that the global Sikh population increases annually by 392,633 (1.7% per year, based on 2004 figures); this percentage includes births, deaths, and conversions. From the late 1920s to the late 1980s the religion was harassed and banned in the Soviet-led Eastern Bloc,[427][428][429] and then again from the 1970s into the 1990s across some countries in sub-Saharan Africa. [307] According to an earlier 2001 census, surveys found that there was an increase of 60,000 conversions to Islam in the United Kingdom. : New Dynamics of Religious Expansion in a Globalizing World, Think religion is in decline? [26], According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, between 2010 and 2015 "an estimated 32 million babies were born to Buddhist mothers and roughly 20 million Buddhists died, meaning that the natural increase in the Buddhists population i.e., the number of births minus the number of deaths was 12 million over this period". [298] According to the same study "globally, Muslims have the highest fertility rate, an average of 3.1 children per woman well above replacement level (2.1)", and "in all major regions where there is a sizable Muslim population, Muslim fertility exceeds non-Muslim fertility". Because of the Holocaust, the number had been reduced to 11 million by the end of 1945. [39] Further in detail, 12million people have passed some formal initiation into Taoism, or adhere to the official Chinese Taoist Association. The report also shows that the fall in the birth rate of Muslims slowed down the growth rate from 1990 to 2010. Conversions involving Islam sometimes look like a one-way street in the West. Islam has also been shaped by those who leave it and this happened early on in the formation of an Islamic community in seventh century Arabia. But while the share of American Muslim adults who are converts to Islam also is about one-quarter (23%), a much smaller share of current Christians (6%) are converts. [342] Pew study also reveals that Muslims are younger than other Europeans. Arabs are increasingly saying they are no longer religious, according to the largest and most in-depth survey undertaken of the Middle East and North Africa. In probably a first in India, an organisation has been formed in Kerala to provide a platform to those who are renouncing Islam, a move which has significant socio-political implications. Two decades ago, the mere thought of people leaving Islam would have created a sense of anger and betrayal in many Muslims, with many questioning whether individuals had been brainwashed or had become too 'westernised'. [251] While the exact number of Dalit converts to Christianity in India is not available, scholar William R. Burrow of Colorado State University estimated that about 8% of Dalit have converted to Christianity. [41][42], This growth reverses the rapid decline that Chinese traditional religion faced in the 20th century. [488][489] Mary Jones says Wicca is one of the fastest-growing religions in the United States as well. [486][479] By 2050, according to Pew research center based on growth rate of current Sikh population between (2001-2011), India will have 27,129,086 Sikhs by half-century which will be more than that of any country including the Western world. [74], According to a 2005 paper submitted to a meeting of the American Political Science Association, most of Christianity's growth has occurred in non-Western countries. Becoming a Muslim is not easy: people say hurtful things about your faith, and it's a struggle to fit in with pious-looking sisters who wear traditional Arabic dress. Born in the . [397] The diaspora countries, by contrast, have low Jewish birth rates, an increasingly elderly age composition, and a negative balance of people leaving Judaism versus those joining. By contrast, during the same time period, the religiously unaffiliated category went from 17 percent in 2009 to 26 percent a decade later. [279] Syria is home to the largest Druzite community in the world, according to a study published by Columbia University, the number of Syrian Druze increased from 684,000 in 2010 to 730,000 in mid of 2018. [398], There is also a trend of Orthodox movements reaching out to secular Jews in order to give them a stronger Jewish identity so there is less chance of intermarriage. [385] However, the poll tax known as Jizyah may have played a part in converting people over to Islam but as Britannica notes "The rate of taxation and methods of collection varied greatly from province to province and were greatly influenced by local pre-Islamic customs" and there were even cases when Muslims had the tax levied against them, on top of Zakat. Religion. [476], Primarily for socio-economic reasons (Sikhs being the wealthiest and most educated of India's four major religious groups),[477] Indian Sikhs have the lowest adjusted growth rate of any major religious group in India, at 8.4% per decade (from 2001 to 2011), compared to the national rate of 17.7% per decade. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax ", most of them are women and African-Americans. Religious conversions havent had a large impact on the size of the U.S. Muslim population, largely because about as many Americans convert to Islam as leave the faith. Quantitative research is lacking, but he believes the European trend mirrors the American: data from the General Social Survey in the United States show that 32 percent of those raised Muslim no longer embrace Islam in adulthood, and 18 percent hold no religious identification. While a quarter of Muslims are switching out of Islam, most are not becoming Christians. [115][116] According to study by Pew Research Center in 2021, around 19% of American those who say they were raised Jewish or who had at least one Jewish parent now identify as Christian. It was reported in 2013 that around 5,000 British people convert to Islam every year, with most of them being women. [308] According to a report by CNN, "Islam has drawn converts from all walks of life, most notably African-Americans". Ellethy 2014, p. 181. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax The mystic priest predicted to free the archipelago from the clutches of Islam and restore the glory of the Hindu Javanese religion. [3] A comprehensive religious forecast for 2050 by the Pew Research Center predicts that the global Muslim population will grow at a faster rate than the Christian population primarily due to the average younger age and higher fertility rate of Muslims. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. [282] According to Pew Research Center 99% of Hindus lived in the Indo-Pacific region in 2010. [19][20][21][22][23], Statistical data on conversion to and from Islam are scarce. [491], Zoroastrianism was founded during the early Persian Empire in the 6th century BCE by Zarathustra. [249] According to the Council on Foreign Relations the "number of Chinese Protestants has grown by an average of 10 percent annually since 1979". Religion remains one of modern Malaysia's most sensitive topics, especially when it comes to Islam, the country's official faith . [85] According to Pew Research Center, "largely through the efforts of missionaries and churches, Christianity has grown rapidly in South Korea over the past century",[84] and has grown from 1% in 1900,[84] to 20.7% in 1985 and to 29.3% in 2010,[47] And the Catholic Church has increased its membership by 70% in the last ten years,[86] according to Pew Research Center, "the growth of Catholics has occurred across all age groups, among men and women and across all education levels. [375][376][377] (such as Christians under the Ottoman Empire's authority,[378][379] Hindus and Buddhists under regime of Muslim invaders,[369] Coptic Christians under administration of the Muslim Arabs,[372] Zoroastrians living under Islamic rule in ancient Persia,[380] and also with Jewish communities in the medieval Arab world[374]) while some scholars indicate that some Muslim rulers in India did not consistently collect the jizya (poll tax) from Dhimmis. [440][441][442], Because Bah's do not represent the majority of the population in any country,[443] and most often represent only a tiny fraction of countries' total populations,[444] there are problems of under-reporting. Based on the data from 49 Muslim-majority countries and territories, he found that Muslims' birth rate has significantly dropped for 41% between 1975 and 1980 to 200510 while the global population decline was 33% during that period. [446][447], In terms of absolute numbers, irreligion appears to be increasing (along with secularization generally). [433][434][435][436] Meanwhile in other times or places the religion has experienced surges in growth. [426] However, the growth has not been even. More people are killed by Islamists each year than in all 350 years of the Spanish Inquisition combined. A study by Pew Research found that the number of Americans who identified as Christian was 64% in 2020, with 30% of the US population being classed as "religiously unaffiliated". [516], The World Religion Database[517] (WRD) is a peer-reviewed database of international religious statistics based on research conducted at the Institute on Culture, Religion & World Affairs at Boston University. [52], Europe was the home for the world's largest Christian population for the past 1,000 years, since 2015 Christians in Africa and Latin America respectively surpass Europe Christian population because of the high fertility rate there. Another study found that the number of people who will leave Islam is 9,400,000 and the number of converts to Islam is 12,620,000 so the net gain to Islam through conversion should be 3 million between 2010 and 2050, . The growth of Muslims is also expected in the Middle East-North Africa region, It is projected to increase from about 300 million in 2010 to more than 550million in 2050. [338], By 2010 an estimated 44 million Muslims were living in Europe (6%), up from 4.1% in 1990. However, this does not gives us a direct comparison of suicide between countries - this share will also be influenced by the magnitude of other causes of death. [266] By 2012 percentage of Christians on mentioned communities was 71%, more than 30% and 37%,[267] respectively. Sociologist Phil Zuckerman's global studies on atheism have indicated that global atheism may be in decline due to irreligious countries having the lowest birth rates in the world and religious countries having higher birth rates in general. Islam is the fastest-growing religion in Europe. [507], There has been recent conversions of Kurds from Islam to Zoroastrianism in Kurdistan for different reasons, including a sense of national and/or ethnic identity or for recent conflicts with radical Muslims, which had been enthusiastically received by Zoroastrians worldwide. [95][96][97], In 1900, there were only 8.7million[47] adherents of Christianity in Africa, while in 2010 there were 390 million. In surveys conducted in 2018 and 2019, Pew found that 65 percent of Americans described themselves as Christian, a 12 percent decline over the past decade. [382] [250] According to scholar Todd Hartch of Eastern Kentucky University, by 2005, around 6 million Africans converted to Christianity annually. And by 2050, the U.S. Muslim population is projected to reach8.1 million, or 2.1% of the nations total population nearly twice the share of today. [450] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, between 2010 and 2015 "an estimated 68 million babies were born to religiously unaffiliated mothers and roughly 42 million religiously unaffiliated died, meaning that the natural increase in the religiously unaffiliated population i.e., the number of births minus the number of deaths was 26 million over this period". In addition, those with religious beliefs tend to have higher birth rates than the secular population, with fundamentalists having far larger families. [38], It was reported in 2013 that around 5,000 British people convert to Islam every year, with most of them being women. [480] The Sikh population has the lowest gender balance in India, with only 903 women per 1,000 men according to the 2011 Indian census,[481] although the sex ratio at birth for Indian Sikhs has rapidly improved from 130 male births per 100 female births in 2001 to 110 male births per 100 female births in 2019-21, now only slightly above the average for India as a whole (108 male births per female births). Learn about Muslims and Islam through four short lessons delivered to your inbox every other day. [104][105][106] In Brazil, the total number of Protestants jumped from 16.2% in 2000[107] to 22.2% in 2010 (for the first time, the percentage of Catholics in Brazil is less than 70%). Islam is expected to gain 3.2 million followers, while Buddhists and Jews are expected to lose 2.9 million and 0.3 million adherents, respectively. [239], According to study published by the missionary statistician[240] and professor David B. Barrett of Columbia University,[241][242] and professor of global Christianity, historian George Thomas Kurian,[243] and both are work on World Christian Encyclopedia, approximately 2.7million converting to Christianity annually from another religion, World Christian Encyclopedia also cited that Christianity ranks at first place in net gains through religious conversion. There wereclear reasons why Muslim governments would not want to encourage conversion to Islam. [423][421][424] Most of the growth in the late 20th century was seeded out of North America by means of the planned migration of individuals. [274][275] The Druze faith do not accept converts to their faith, nor practice proselytism. It also stated that over a 50% decline was found in 22 Muslim countries and over a 60% decline in Iran, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Bangladesh, Tunisia, Libya, Albania, Qatar and Kuwait. New Delhi: "I have hated Muslims most of my life and today I proudly call myself one," says Siddharth, who assumed the name Shadab when he converted to Islam in 2012. [38] in 2018 a new data from the Gordon Theological Seminary shows that, for the first time ever, more number of Christians live in Africa than on any other single continent:[58] "The results show Africa on top with 631 million Christian residents, Latin America in 2nd place with 601 million Christians, and Europe in 3rd place with 571 million Christians". However, the 2021, sfn error: no target: CITEREFHourani1947 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFBoyce2001 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFRoyUnisa2004 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFTaraporevala2000 (, Todd M. Johnson, Brian J. [19], These forecasts lack reliable data on religious conversion in China, but according to media reports and expert assessments, it is possible that the rapid growth of Christianity in China may maintain, or even increase, the current numerical advantage of Christianity as the largest religion in the world and may negatively affect the growth of the Religiously Unaffiliated. [335] According to Harvard University professor Robert D. Putnam, there is increasing numbers of Americans who are leaving their faith and becoming unaffiliated and the average Iranian American is slightly less religious than the average American. [399] Additionally, there is also a growing rate of conversion to Jews by Choice of gentiles who make the decision to head in the direction of becoming Jews. [310] According to The New York Times, an estimated 25% of American Muslims are converts,[311] these converts are mostly African American. Islam will grow faster than any other religion over the next 40 years. [493] It served as the state religion of the ancient Iranian empires for more than a millennium, from around 600 BCE to 650 CE, but declined from the 7th century onwards following the Muslim conquest of Persia of 633654. [421] From having roughly 200,000 Bahs in 1950,[422] the religion grew to having over 4 million by the late 1980s, with a widespread international distribution. The Taliban's armed uprising against . "[411], The largest proportions of the total world Bah' population[412] were found in sub-Saharan Africa (29.9%) and South Asia (26.8%), followed by Southeast Asia (12.7%) and Latin America (12.2%). replacement level. In 2010, the median age of Muslims throughout Europe was (32), eight years younger than the median for all Europeans (40). [124] According to the Council on Foreign Relations in 2007, experts estimated that thousands of Muslims in the Western world converted to Christianity annually, but were not publicized due to fear of retribution. [246] According to a study by a scholar Fenggang Yang from Purdue University, Christianity is "spreading among the Chinese of South-East Asia", and "Evangelical and Pentecostal Christianity is growing more quickly in China",[247] also according to him, more than half of them have university degrees. (Ms Lewthwaite reportedly had a close relationship with Muslim neighbours during her youth.) ), According to Pew Research Center survey in 2012, religiously unaffiliated (include agnostic and atheist) make up about 18.2% of Europe's population,[450] and they make up the majority of the population in only two European countries: Czech Republic (76%) and Estonia (60%). This increase primarily reflects the rapid growth of Haredi and some Orthodox sectors, who are becoming a growing proportion of Jews. Werner Ustorf. [80] According to scholar Francis Fukuyama of Stanford University "converts to Protestantism find their incomes, education levels, hygiene and social networks expanding". [369] Under Islamic law, Muslims are required to pay Zakat, one of the five pillars of Islam. [505] A slower birthrate than deathrate accounts for the rest: as of 2001, Parsis over the age of 60 make up for 31% of the community. will continue. Famed new believers like Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Keith Ellison seem to get all the attentionalong with flamboyant. It also stated that "the number of people who embrace Islam and the number of those who leave Islam are roughly equal. [103] Doug Saunders states that by 2030 Muslims and Non-Muslims birth rates will be equal in Germany, Greece, Spain and Denmark without taking account of the Muslims immigration to these countries. Look at who is 'going forth and multiplying', "1 Million Evangelical Christians March for Jesus in Brazil", "French Evangelicals through an American lens", "Nmero de brasileiros catlicos cai abaixo dos 70% pela 1 vez (Percent of Brazilian Catholics is below 70% for the first time)", "Growth stalls, falls for largest U.S. churches", "How many Jews are there in the United States? The epicentre of these trends will be in immigration gateway cities like New York (a third white), Amsterdam (half Dutch), Los Angeles (28% white), and London, 45% white British. [38], As of around 2020, there were about 8 million Bah's in the world. It is completely reasonable to assume that the overall Muslim population in Europe will increase, and Muslim citizens have and will have a significant impact on European life. Kalmykia is the only Buddhist majority region in Europe. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. [60] Evangelical Christian denominations also are among the fastest-growing denominations in some Catholic Christian countries, such as Brazil and France (France going from 2% to 3% of the population). Over that same time period, the number of people who do not identify with any particular religion increased from 16 percent to 29 percent. "[] the insignificant amount of this yearly tax, the fact that it was progressive, that elders, poor people, handicapped, women, children, monks, and hermits were exempted, leave no doubt about exploitation or persecution of those who did not accept Islam. But there are also states and counties with far fewer Muslims. [425] Yet, rather than being a cultural spread from either Iran or North America, in 2001, sociologist David Barrett wrote that the Bah Faith is, "A world religion with no racial or national focus". Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Size & Demographic Characteristics of Religious Groups, Muslims are a growing presence in U.S., but still face negative views from the public, Republicans account for a small but steady share of U.S. Muslims, The share of Americans who leave Islam is offset by those who become Muslim, New estimates show U.S. Muslim population continues to grow, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, Gender pay gap in U.S. hasnt changed much in two decades. In recent years, the number of American Muslims has been growing steadily, by around 100,000 annually. [386] Hugh Kennedy has also discussed the Jizyah issue and stated that Muslim governments discouraged conversion but were unable to prevent it. [498] Recent estimates place the current number of Zoroastrians at around 110,000120,000,[499] at most with the majority living in India, Iran, and North America; their number has been thought to be declining. [344], The Pew Research Center notes that "the data that we have isn't pointing in the direction of 'Eurabia' at all",[345] and predicts that the percentage of Muslims is estimated to rise to 8% in 2030, due to immigration and above-average birth rates. [26] The growth of Islam from 2010 to 2020 has been estimated at 1.70%[3] due to high birthrates in Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. [420], From the Bah' Faith's origins in the 19th century until the 1950s, the vast majority of Bahs were found in Iran; converts from outside Iran were mostly found in India and the Western world. Studies in the 21st century suggest that, in terms of percentage and worldwide spread,[1][2] Islam is the fastest-growing major religion in the world. [228] By 2050, Christianity is expected to remain the majority religion in the United States (66.4%, down from 78.3% in 2010), and the number of Christians in absolute numbers is expected to grow from 243 million to 262million. [227] Large increases in the developing world (around 23,000 per day) have been accompanied by substantial declines in the developed world, mainly in Western Europe and North America. [280] The Lebanese Druze have the lowest fertility among all age groups after the Lebanese Christians. [72] Christianity is still the largest religion in Central and Eastern Europe, according to a 2017 study by the Pew Research Center, the share of adults who identify themselves as Eastern Orthodox in Russia, Ukraine and Bulgaria has been significantly increased between 1991 and 2015. Statistics commonly measure the absolute number of adherents, the percentage of the absolute growth per-year, and the growth of converts in the world. He did not even appear in public when the Taliban regained power two decades later. (1927-2011): Missionary Statistician and Sociologist of Religion", "Barrett, David B. [301], On the other hand, in 2010, the Pew Forum found "that statistical data for Muslim conversions is scarce and as per their little available information, there is no substantial net gain or loss of Muslims due to religious conversion. Abu Bakr [348] Since 2010, the rate of increase was of 0.3% in the Americas and Europe. Sign up now! . When it comes to negative energies, the Evil Eye is something you should watch out for. [245] While according to the book The Oxford Handbook of Religious Conversion, which written by professor of the Christian mission, Charles E. Farhadian, and professor of psychology, Lewis Rambo, in mid-2005 approximately 15.5million converted to Christianity from another religion, while approximately 11.7million left Christianity, most of them becoming irreligious, resulting in a net gain of 3.8 million. Professor Eric Kaufmann, whose academic specialization is how demography affects irreligion/religion/politics, wrote in 2012: In my book, Shall the Religious Inherit the Earth? [458], According to a religious forecast for 2050 by Pew Research Center, the percentage of the world's population that is unaffiliated or nonreligious is expected to drop, from 16% of the world's total population in 2010 to 13% in 2050. [82] According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, around 9% of Latin Americans were raised as Protestant, but nearly 19% now identify themselves as Protestants. Quite clearly, Christianity exceeds the other four major religious/non-religious bodies by a significant proportion of 0.6 billion - overtaking Islam in number of followers by an astounding 9.1% of the global population. [391], Orthodox and Conservative Judaism discourage proselytism to non-Jews,[392] but many Jewish groups have tried to reach out to the assimilated Jewish communities of the Diaspora in order for them to reconnect to their Jewish roots. More recently (20002010), the countries with highest growth rates are Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and some African countries. At the same time, our projections suggest that the U.S. Muslim population will grow much faster than the countrys Jewish population. Changes in son preference, ultrasound use and fertility", "Census shocker: Sikhs report lowest sex ratio", "India's Sex Ratio at Birth Begins To Normalize", "2011 National Household Survey: Data tables Religion (108), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (11), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey", "What is the Fastest Growing Religion in Australia? [229], According to the Pew Research Center, Christianity is declining in the United States while non-Christian faiths are growing. Singapore, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Indonesia, and Malaysia are said to have the fastest-growing Christian communities and the majority of the new believers are "upwardly mobile, urban, middle-class Chinese". [333] On the other hand, the increasingly large ex-Muslim communities in the Western world that adhere to no religion have been well documented. Some metro areas, such as Washington, D.C., have sizable Muslim communities. Australian Bureau of Statistics (21 June 2012). Jay Diamond, Larry. This scenario (Chinese scenario) is based primarily on sensitivity tests. [403][404] In the United States, only about a third of children from intermarriages affiliate with Jewish religious practice. Indeed, while aboutone-in-fiveAmerican Muslim adults were raised in a different faith tradition and converted to Islam, a similar share of Americans who were raised Muslim nowno longer identify with the faith. According to the records of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, its membership has grown every decade since its beginning in the 1830s,[108] that it is among the top ten largest Christian denominations in the U.S.,[109] and that it was the fastest growing church in the U.S. in 2012. [252] According to a 2021 study by the Pew Research Center, Christianity in India gained an increase from conversion, most of the Christian converts in India are former Hindus. According to the Pew Research Center, religious conversion may have a modest impact on religiously unaffiliated population between 2010 and 2050; religiously unaffiliated are expected to gain 61 million adherents. [268], The 2001 American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS) survey estimated that between 1990 and 2001 the number of self-identifying deists grew from 6,000 to 49,000, representing about 0.02% of the US population at the time.[269]. Do Muslims have more children than other women in western Europe?

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